Respond to each of the following situations : -
1-Your teacher asks you why you enjoy learning English
. لماذا تستمتع بتعلم الإنجليزية
Because it is a world wide language .
2-A friend asks your advice about the best way to keep fit.
نصيحة للحفاظ على اللياقة
You should do more exercise .
3-You are asked what qualities you think are important to be a successful student.
سمات / صفات الطالب الناجح
A successful student should be clever and hard working
4-You are asked what makes a good friend .
كيف يجب ان يكون الصديق الجيد
A good friend should be honest and helpful
5-A friend asks you what you think makes a good teacher .
كيف يجب ان يكون المدرس الجيد
A good teacher should be knowledgeable
واسع الاطلاع
6-A friend wants to know what he needs to be a successful sportsman / team player /swimmer Give your opinion .
كيف يجب ان يكون الرياضي/ اللاعب / السباح الناجح / الجيد
A good sportsman should exercise more and obeys his coaches
يطيع مدربيه
7-A friend asks how he or she should choose a new leader of their sports team.
كيف نختار القائد الجديد لفريق رياضي
A new leader should be patient صبور , honest امين and reliable شخص يعتمد عليه
8-You meet a visitor to your country at the airport. You want to make him feel at home.
تقابل سائح اجنبى فى المطار وتريده ان يشعر انه فى بلده
Welcome to your second country .
9-In class, you see a school friend who has been away for several weeks.
شخص لم تره منذ فتره
I'm happy to see you. I missed you so much .
10-You are interviewing an older person about their education.
تسأل شخص كبير فى العمر عن التعليم فى زمنه
@ How was your education when you were young ?
11-A friend asks you why you enjoy reading newspapers.
تسأل شخص لما يستمتع بقرأة الصحف
@ Why do you enjoy reading novels .
12-A friend asks you a question, you would prefer
not to answer
@ Sorry . I'd rather not to answer
13-A friend asks you what you know about Omar Samra.
@ He is the first Egyptian to climb Everest .
14-You are sitting on a bus and the person next to you
starts to smoke .
@ Smoking is not allowed here .
15-You're asked about the importance of sport.
@ Sport keeps you fit and healthy .
16-One of your friends eats food with too much fat in it.
@ You shouldn't eat too much fat . It's bad for you
17-You have just read a magazine for young people . recommend it to a friend .
@ I recommend this magazine to you. It is very exciting .
18-Your friend wants to know where your dream house would be.
@ My dream house would be in a wonderful island
19-You want to ask Ali the reason why he likes science.
@ Could you tell me the reason why you like science ?
20-You have to phone a friend's mother and tell her that her child is ill.
@ I regret to tell you that your son had an accident .
21-You are trying to persuade a foreign friend to visit an interesting place which is off the beaten track .
@ You should really visit that place . It's wonderful
22-Your train leaves in five minutes . It takes at least four minutes to go to the station .
@ I have to hurry up . I wish I could catch it .
23- Someone asks you to compare books and films . You don't think it's possible to compare the two.
@ There's no comparison. Films are much more exciting
لا مجال للمقارنة الأفلام أكثر تشويقا
24-You're asked why you admire Dr. Magdi Yacoub.
@ Because he is a famous surgeon .
25-You're asked to define the word "diploma
تعريف كلمة دبلوماسى
@He is the person who represents his country abroad
26- You want to know a friend's opinion of a book you have both read .
@ What's your opinion about the book we read
27- You want to know which subject your uncle enjoyed
most when he was a student .
@ which subject did you enjoy most when you
were a student .
28-A friend wants to know what your dream job would be and why .
@ My dream job would be a lawyerمحامى to help poor and innocent people الابرياء.
29- You are standing in a queue تقف فى طابور and someone steps in front of you يقف امامك without permission بدون اذن Comment politely .
@ Would you take your turn , please ?
30- Someone asks your opinion about good holiday weather .
@ A good holiday weather should be mild معتدل , fresh منعش and sunny مشمس
****************************************
2- speaker A & B ( 4 Marks )
مطلوب منك تحديد المكان وطرفي الحديث
(1) street شارع
policeman passer- by أحد المارة
(2) police station قسم الشرطة
reporter صاحب البلاغ
police officer
(3) manager’s office
مكتب المدير
secretary manager
(4) company شركة
secretary applicant / client
(5) clothes shop محل ملابس
salesperson بائع زبون customer
(6) toy shop محل لعب أطفال
customer assistant بائع
(7) shoe shop محل الأحذية
customer salesperson
(8) coffee shop مقهى
customer waiter جرسون
(9) computer mall كمبيوتر مول
client assistant
(10) florist’s محل الورد
customer florist
(11) butcher’s محل الجزارة
customer butcherالجزار
(12) bus أتوبيس
passenger راكب conductor محصل
(13) taxi تاكسي
سائق driver passenger
the under ground مترو الانفاق(14)
inspector / مفتشclerk passenger
(15) train قطار
ticket inspector المفتش passenger
(16) plane طائرة
passenger air hostess مضيفة
(17) television studio ستوديو تليفزيون
guest ضيف برنامج interviewer محاور
(18) cinema سينما
usher أبلا سير member of public
(19) theatre مسرح
member of public usher
(20) stadium إستاد
spectator مشجع ticket clerkموظف تذاكر
(21) museum متحف
guide مرشد visitor / tourist
(22) airport مطار
passenger check –in clerk
(23) passport department مكتب المراجعة
clerk passenger
(24) hairdresser’s حريمى محل كوافير
lady hairdresser
(25) train station محطة قطار
passenger station master ناظر المحطة porterشيال
(26) travel agency مكتب سفريات
passenger / tourist booking clerkموظف الحجز
(27) customs office مكتب الجمارك
passenger official موظف
(28) sights أماكن سياحية للزيارة
guide tourist
(29) clinic عيادة
patient doctor
(30) dentist’s عيادة أسنان
patient مريض dentist طبيب أسنان
(31) optician’s محل بصريات
customer optician
(32) oculist’s عيادة طبيب عيون
patient oculist طبيب عيون
(33) pharmacy صيدلية
customer chemist صيدلي
(34) classroom فصل
student teacher
(35) stationary مكتب لبيع الأدوات المكتبية
customer stationer بائع
(36) public library مكتبة عامة
reader librarian أمين مكتبة
(37) restaurant مطعم
customer waiter جرسون
(38) gas station محطة بنزين
driver attendant عامل محطة
(39) barber’s محل حلاقة
barber حلاق client
(40) hotel فندق
guest - tourist receptionist
(41) dressmaker’s محل ترزي حريمي
customer dressmaker خياطة
(42) post office مكتب البريد
customer post clerk
(43)baker’s فرن العيش
customer baker
(44)bank بنك
client bank clerk موظف
(45)telephone exchange سنترال
customer operator عامل التيلفون
*************************************************************8
Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are
1-A: Good morning, Mr Mohamed. Please sit down. First of all, could you tell me why you are interested in working for us?
B: Well, I’ ve done this kind of work before.
Place : manager's office A : Manager B: Applicant
2- A :That shirt is 50 pounds, sir.
B : Can I pay by credit card?
A : Yes, certainly.
Place : clothes shop A : assistant B: customer
3-A: Hello. I’d like to join, please. I’m particularly interested in basketball and football.
B: Do you have any friends who already belong here?
A: Yes, three or four of my school friends are members.
Place:club A:player/member of public B:clerck
4-A: Good afternoon. Welcome to Radio 9 and today’s World of Science.
B : Thanks. It’s good to be here.
Place :TV studio A: interviewer B:guest
5- A: For homework, please do Exercises A and B on page 20.
B : Could you repeat that, please?
A: Certainly. Do exercises A and B on page 20.
Place :classroom A: teacher B: student
6- A: How would you like to pay for it, sir?
B: By credit card, please.
A :That’s fine, sir. Shall I put it in a bag for you?
B: No, thank you. It’s starting to rain, so I think I’ll wear it now.
Place : clothes shop A : assistant B: customer
7- A: How long have you been feeling unwell ?
B :Since Thursday.
A: I see. Well, you need to go to bed, keep warm and rest for a few days. Take one of these tablets three times a day.
Place : clinic A : doctor B: patient
8- A: Helwan, please.
B :Certainly, sir. But it will take a long time
Here we are, sir. That will be twenty pounds.
A :Thank you. Here you are.
Place : Taxi A : passenger B: Taxi driver
9- A :Welcome to this famous Egyptian site. It was built by Salah El Din Al Ayyoubi.
B :When was it built?
A :It was built in 1176. It was built to protect Cairo from enemies.
B :It’s amazing!
Place : castle A : guide B: tourist
10-A :When exactly do you want to travel?
B :I have to leave on June 17. I’d like two tickets, please.
A :OK, there’s a flight at 14.55 on the seventeenth.
Place : Travel agency A : clerk B: passenger
11- A: You’re working very hard this evening, Ali.
B :Yes, I’ve got an important test tomorrow.
A :Well, don’t go to bed too late. You don’t want to be tired for your test.
Place :home A : mother B: son
12-A:We learned about giant pandas at school last year; do you remember?
B: Yes , but I don’t really like seeing them in cages like this. It’s not easy to see them in China though, is it?
Place : zoo A : teacher B: student
13-A :Passport and tickets, please.
B :Here you are.
A :Window or aisle seat?
B :Window seat, please.
Place : Travel agency A : clerk B: passenger
14-A: Which tooth seems to have a problem?
B :The one at the front left. It always hurts when I chew on it.
A : Yes, it seems you have a slight problem, but I can fix it right away.
Place : dentist's A : dentist B: patient
15-A :May I take your order, sir?
B :Yes, I’ll have fish, please.
A: How would you like it, sir?
B :Fried, please.
A :Certainly, sir. Any vegetables?
Place : restaurant A : waiter B: customer
16-A :May I have your attention, please? We will soon be arriving at the monastery of St Catherine.
B :When was the monastery built?
A: It was built in the sixth century by the Roman Emperor Justinian.
Place : Tourist bus A : guide B: tourist
17-A :Your tickets, please, sir.
B :Here you are. What time do we arrive at Banha?
A :In half an hour or so.
B: Will we stop at Tanta ?
A :No. We are going straight to Alexandria after that.
Place : train A ticket inspector : B: passenger
18-A: Thank you for rescuing me. I could have died.
B: You’re going to be OK This oxygen mask will help you breathe.
A: Where are we going?
B :We’re on our way to Kasr Al Aini Hospital. The doctors will take care of you there.
Place : ambulance A : patient B: ambulance man
19- A: Where can I find some books about Astronomy?
B: They are on the shelves over there.
A: How many books can I borrow at a time?
B: Only three.
Place: library A : reader B: librarian
20- A: How quickly can you get me to Tahrir square?
B: It's a 30-minute drive.
A: Can't you get there faster? I'm very late.
B: I'll do my best.
Place: Taxi A : passenger B : Taxi driver
21- A: Open your bag, please.
B: All right, sir. I've nothing to declare.
A: Very well. You can go through.
Place : customs department A:custom official B:passenger
22- A: Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the Egyptian museum?
B: Certainly. Go straight and then turn right. It is in the square. Is this your first visit to Egypt?
A: Yes, it is.
Place: street A : tourist B : passer - by
23- A : I want to buy a new blouse .
May you show me the latest fashion ?
B : Floral blouses are now the latest fashion .
Place: clothes shop A :customer B : assistant
24- a : Can I help you, madam?
B : Yes, it's my car. it suddenly broke down.
A : Where is it now?
B : About 50 metres from here.
Place: mechanic's A: mechanic B: car owner
25- A : I'm fascinated by Chemistry.
B: That's good. You can join our research team
in bacteriology,
A: Alright Thanks for your advice.
Place: school A : student B : science teacher
26- A: On which platform is the train to Aswan?
B: You should go to platform No 5.
A: May you carry my bags to go there?
B: With pleasure.
Place: train station A: passenger B :porter
27- A: I got to grips with the instructions
for the new video player.
B: I'm sure; you would be very pleased as you
use our products.
A: Thanks a lot for your help.
Place: electric set shop A :customer B: assistant
28- A : A thief broke into my house by breaking the wooden window.
B : I'll bring my tools and come to your house to
repair it in half an hour's time.
A: Thanks a lot, I'll be waiting.
Place: carpenter's A :client B :carpenter
29- A: May I see your ticket, please?
B: Here you are.
A: Seat S 25. That row sir, the third seat.
B: Thank you. What time does it start?
A: It starts at nine.
Place: cinema A :usher B :member of public
30- A: I'd like to change some money, please.
B: Here you are. Cash or travelers cheques?
A: Travelers cheques.
Place: Bank A : client B : bank clerk
31- A: Good morning, madam. Can I help you?
B: Yes, please. I'd like to get a new passport.
A: Please fill in this form , two photos and pay 60 pounds.
Place: passport department A :officer B: citizen
32- A: I didn't find my briefcase when I returned
to my room.
B: We found a briefcase in the hotel restaurant,
I think it is yours. Here it is.
Place: Hotel reception A:guest B : receptionist
33- A: Good morning .Can I help you ?
B : Yes, I'd like a single room with a bath.
A : For how many nights ?
B : Just for two nights.
Place: Hotel reception A : receptionist B:guest
34- A :What are you suffering from ?
B: My eyes get tired quickly.
A: Let me examine you.
35-A : How did you feel when the president honored all the team and awarded them the order of merit ?
B : I felt much pride as we got the African cup
Place: Oculist's A: oculist B: patient
36-A : Welcome to the programme.
Place: T.V channel A : reporter B : guest
36- A: I'd like to have this film developed.
Place: Studio A : client B: photographer
37- A : Good morning , Mr Johnson.
B : Good morning, Carol.
A : Could you take these letters to the post and make an appointment for me at 3 o'clock ?
Place: Manger office A : secretary B : Manger
************************************************************
Prepositions
frightened of خائف من
tie to يربط فى
laugh at يسخر من
tie down يربطه ارضا
fight against يقاتل ضد
pay for يدفع لـ
decide on ( شيئ ) يحدد
exchange with يتبادل مع
exchange for يتبادل مقابل
cooperate with يتعاون مع
signal to يعطي إشارة لـ
escape from يهرب من
trade with يتاجر مع
trade in يتاجر في
export to يصدر إلى
import from يستورد من
owe to يدين لـ
ashamed of خجول من
harmful to ضار لـ
bring down يقلل
resistant to مقاوم لـ
poisonous for سام لـ
die of يموت بسبب
plenty of وفرة من
armed with مسلح بـ
crash into يصطدم بـ
essential to ضروري / أساسي لـ
bored with يمل من
send off يطرد – يرسل بالبريد
come out يصدر كتاب
crash into يصطدم بـ
protect.. from يحمى من
result in يؤدي إلي
suitable for تتناسب مع
adapt to يتكيف مع
keep out يمنع - يحجب
cut himself off ينفصل – ينعزل عن
remind …. of يذكر شخص بـ
aware of على وعى -دراية بـ
catch up with يساير / يواكب
find out about يتكشف / يعرف عن
hear of يسمع عن
apply for يتقدم لــ
intend to ينوي أن .....
tolerant of متسامح مع
blame for يلوم على
rich in غنى بـ
popular with مألوف لدى
hear from يسمع (الاخبار) من
keen on متحمس لــ .
keep up with يساير / يواكب
cause of سبب لـ
Reason
for سبب لـ
damage to تلف في
an answer to حل لـ
a solution to حل لـ
an obstacle to عائق لـ
a supply of مؤن / امداد
increase in زيادة فى
terrible at سيء / فظيع في
ashamed of خجلان من
responsible for مسئول عن
mad about مهووس بـ
excited about مثار من
worried about قلق بشأن
happy about سعيد بـ
crazy about مهووس بـ
terrified of مرتعب من
dream about/of يحلم بـ
complain about يشكو من
result from ينتج من
result in يؤدي الي
accuse of يتهم بـ
suffer from يعاني من
recover from يشفي من
know about يعرف عن
talk about يتحدث عن
succeed in ينجح في
object to يعترض علي
congratulate on بهنيء بـ
attractive to جذاب لــ
home to موطن لـ
knock down يهدم – يزيل
inquire about يستفسر عن
related to مرتبط بــ
result from ينتج من
run out of ينفذ
ban …… from يمنع ...... من
increase by …. يزيد بمقدار
last for يستمر لمدة .....
take in يمتص
depend on يعتمد على
break down يتعطل
break down ينهار للبشر
break out تهب – تشتعل
a mixture of خليط من
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Language notes
1-Historic مهم تاريخيا ( للاماكن والاحداث )
(sights اماكن – speechخطاب - building- place
Historicalتاريخي – ( متعلق بدراسة التاريخ )
(events احداث – sites اماكن – paintings- importance)
2- habit عادة فردية ملازمة للشخص – custom عادة مجتمع –
tradition تقليد من الماضى
3- organ عضو من اعضاء الجسم – cell خلية بالجسم
5- adapt يتكيف - يتأقلم - adopt يتبنى شخص / فكرة / موضوع
6- learn / teach + مفعول how to + مصدر
= learn / teach + مفعول to + مصدر
7- travel السفر عموما ) ) سفر - رحلة / journey رحلة طويلة /
voyage رحلة بحرية / trip رحلة قصيرة لغرض ما tour جولة سياحية
picnic نزهة خلوية مع تناول الطعام في الخلاء/ expedition رحلة استكشافية
8- A- win - won – won ) ــ يكسب- ينتصر يفوز
game مبـاراة / match / race سباق / medal ميدالية / prize / warحرب tournament مباراة تنس
B- gain يكتسب )fame شهرة/ information معلومات / respect احترام experience خبرة weight يزداد فى الوزن / knowledge معرفة
C- earn (money يكسب مال / his living يكسب قوت يومه )
D- beat- beat – beaten enemy/ rival منافس يهـزم ـ يتغـلب على ( شخـص أو فـريق )
9- فاعل stop + مفعول from + V+ing يمنعه من عمل شيء
10-Pay by (cheque- credit card-debit card) يدفع بـ
- Pay with (a cheque-a credit card-a debit card )
- Pay in ( cash ) (advance ) / Pay on ( credit )
11-'d ratherمصدر / 'd better مصدر
12-prefer to مصدر /'d prefer to مصدر/'d like to مصدر
13- lend شيئ toشخص / borrow شيئ from شخص
14-wagesأجر يومي – أسبوعي - salary مرتب شهري( للموظفين)
15-couple زوج من (الأشخاص والأشياء التي تفصل) - Pair زوج من (الأشياء التي لانفصل) - double مزدوج- مضاعف – يضاعف
16Ingredients مقادير اكلة - مقومات - Components مكونات اجهزة والأت - compound مركب كيميائى
17- Insecticide مبيد حشرى - herbicide مبيد للاعشاب الضارة – pesticide مبيد للافات الزراعية
18-ashore إلي الشاطئ-Shoreالشاطئ اليابس المجاور للبحرcoast ساحل- beach البلاج-Bank ضفة النهر- البحيرة
19- Sink يغرق / يُغرق (للسفن و القوارب) - drown يغرق ( للأشخاص)
20- abroad الخارج - on board على متن سفين – طائرة- broad عريض - board لوحة
21- expect يتوقع - accept يقبل - except ماعدا
22- View منظر يرى من داخل مكان - Scene مشهد (في مسرحية ) مكان وقوع حدث معين - Scenery مناظر طبيعية - sight حاسة البصر / sights المعالم الهامة التي تستحق الزيارة-
23- insulate يعزل للصوت أو الكهرباء أو الحرارة – isolate يعزل يفصل شيء أو شخص عن أخر
24- made ofيصنع من مادة لاتتغير - made from يصنع من مادة تتغير
25- reform إصلاح (نظام أو مؤسسة) –repair إصلاح – ترميم شيء
26- Succeed in + V+ ing / noun ينجح فى -
Manage to +( مصدر ) ينجح فى
27-Climate المناخ - Climatic خاص بالمناخ - Weather الطقس
28- Melt ينصهر / يصهر - Dissolve يذوب فى سائل
***************************************************************************
unit 1 Make
a mistake / يرتكب خطأ a discovery يكتشف / sure يتأكد / /a decisionيتخذ قرار / / a difference يظهر اختلاف / profit يحقق ربح / loss يحقق خسارة fun ofيسخر من / /parts of cars يصنع أجزاء السيارات / sense يعطى معنى - noise يثير ضوضاء
Do
a job يشغل وظيفة / a study يقوم بدراسة / research يجرى بحث/ a sport يمارس رياضة a favourيعمل جميل– معروف /operation يجرى عملية /damage - تلف يسبب خسارة / post- graduate studiesدراسات عليا the shopping without يستغني عن
********************************************************************************
Unit 6
close call= something bad nearly happened
Keep ( ( صفة ملكية cool = stay/ be calm .
in a tight corner = in a difficult situation .
make ( ( صفة ملكية day = make مفعول happy .
out of the blue = suddenly and unexpectedly
take lives = make us feel losing lives.
*******************************************************************************
Unit 13
¨The road to success is not straight.
طريق النجاح ليس مفروشا بالورود ( ليس سهلا )
¨Good friends are hard to find, harder to leave, and impossible to forget.
من الصعب ان نجد اصدقاء مخلصين ومن الصعب تركهم ومن الصعب تركهم ومن المستحيل ان ننساهم
¨Some people are lonely because they build walls instead of bridges.
بعض الناس يشعرون بالوحدة لانهم يبنون حواجز تعزلهم عن الاخرين بدلا من يبنوا جسور الصداقة
¨Life is not a race. It's a journey
الحياة ليست سباقا ولكنها رحلة
¨It's not what you do that you should regret, it's what you don't do.
لاتندم على ماتفعل ولكن اندم على مالم تفعله
****************************************************************************
1- I find it very difficult to (do –get- come-make ) decisions quickly.
2- Scientists are still ( doing - researching - retiring- trying) into making cars safer.
3- All my sisters are married, but my brother is still
( one -single -alone -free )
4- It is not kind to (make –do- have - laugh )fun of people because of the way they speak.
5- The people of Lilliput ( put - fell- tied– made) Gulliver to the ground so that he couldn’t escape from school.
6- Football and hockey are (team - group - individual – pack ) sports.
7- I’m hoping to study French ( literature - books - novel - writers) at university.
8- My brother is quite a/an ( pessimistic - unhappy – optimistic- cruel) person. He always thinks the worst is going to happen.
9- People who ( find -borrow - capture - steal) from shops should be punished.
10- I think it’s absolutely ( surprising-tiring- unusual– amazing)that people climb mountains without oxygen.
11- Where did you use to play when you were a/an
( toddler -adult - parent - leader)?
12-Some countries have( sold -bought - traded – business) with each other for thousands of years.
13- International corporations(buy - employ – distribute- take) workers in many different countries.
14- My cousin hopes to take ( place - care - off – part)in the next Olympic Games.
15- International sport can( afford - admire - benefit – distribute) individuals and their countries.
16- Make (up – sure- do - like ) you eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.
17- Rice is the main(food- crops- fruit - ingredient ) of tonight’s dish.
18- We all went (aboard- abroad- ashore – ahead) when our ship came to port.
19- They’re building hundreds of new houses on the
( outskirts- centre - roads – blocks) of the city.
20- My friend lives in a flat which ( sees-watches-overlooks–looks
21 William Shakespeare is more famous (for -by -from –of) his plays than his poems.
22- Nobody knows the real reason for the film’s popularity (with -to -for –of) viewers.
23- Huda loves English, but she’s not very good
(for -at -by – with) maths.
24- When did you find (from -out -of -about) that you had won the prize?
25- That little black car belongs (to -for –with-by) my uncle.
26- I play lots of sports, but I’m not very keen(to -on –for-at) watching sport on TV
27- When I finish university, I’m going to apply (to -with –at- for) a job abroad.
28- In 1918, millions of people all over the world died
(of – for- at – with ) Spanish flu.
29- You weren’t at school yesterday, so how did you find out(with -about - from– of ) the homework
30- Azza is very interested( in –to –of –for ) medicine.
31- We (sorry – regret- disappointed- apologise )to inform passengers that Flight 659 will be an hour late.
32- My ( want - ambition - announcement ) is to become a children’s doctor.
33-He was naughty as a child, but now his( behave-behaviour - behaving- behaved ) is much better.
34- While waiting for the train to leave, the passengers (said-told-chatted-conversation) to each other
35- He writes great poems. He’s my favourite ( poet - musician - pilot - singer)
36- The( paramedics-engineers- patients –directors) took the injured man into the emergency room.
37- The company my father works for has a( group- staff - crew – population) of 250 people.
38- That man should stop ( discussing- saying-interfering-disagreeing )It has nothing to do with him.
39- We would all be healthier if cars were ( stopped - banned- driven- refused ) from city centres.
40- We could(save - reduce - help - make ) global warming if we used more energy from the sun.
41- My father has just bought a camera( by internet -by website -online - on computer )
42- I have a very important decision to(make - have -come-do ) next week.
43-In the evenings,I like(surfing-travelling -going- running the internet.
44- Scientists are doing (study-research-work-experiment
into new kinds of energy.
45- ( Single-Individual-Alone- Professional) people live with their families before they are married.
46- Application forms often ask people about their a
( married - waiting - marital – famous status.
47- My father works very hard, he ( gets on-goes back gets up- goes on) working even when he doesn’t feel well.
48- Surgeons (do -make - take – bring)operations to help people get better.
49- Professor Magdi Yacoub is a famous heart(change-move -transport d transplant )surgeon.
50- Mother Teresa really (making -made -did -does )
a difference in people’s lives.
51- It’s OK to ( do-have-take-make ) mistakes when we are learning something for the first time.
52- My father is a (diplomat -politician -surgeon-pilot)
He works in politics.
53- Can you give me an ( example-imagination- explanation – invitation)for being late to class today?
54- It’s (famous-ridiculous -available- traditional) to think that horses can fly.
55- It isn’t very polite to make (laugh- joke - funny – fun) of people.
56- If you are a policeman, you have to wear a special
( shirt - dress - uniform – trousers )
57-To be successful, the members of a sports team must
( cooperate - leave - pass - prove )with each other.
58- They have just (done -made -found – brought) a good decision.
59- My brother’s (lifelong-life-long-wrong)ambition is to climb Mount Everest.
60- We went to Italy by sea. Our (flight-drive -crew-voyage )took two days.
61-It’s quite safe to swim here. The water’s not very
(deep -high - tall - long )
62-The (head-bottom -summit – height) of that mountain is always covered in snow.
63-My father’s (plays-works-keeps –employs )company people from many different countries.
64-I’m afraid we can’t(buy-pay-afford-earn)a holiday this year.
65-There are many (valuable -cheap-rich-high )pictures in the museum. Some are 1,000 years old.
66- I’d love to take (place-care -turn-part)in the Olympic Games, but I’ll never be good enough.
67- The (height-highlight-benefit-worst) of the year for my family was my sister’s wedding.
68-People who (borrow -lend -bring – steal).money should go to prison.
69-Most people are ( honest - nice - kind – intelligent)
If they find something, they give it back to the owner.
70- John doesn’t get paid for playing football. He’s a/an
(professional -player-amateur-career )
71-I’m really enjoying this dessert. Can you tell me what the ( goods -ingredients -crops -foods ) are?
72- In the story of Moby Dick, Captain Ahab is(determined-sure-serious-primitive)to catch the white whale.
73-When the boat sank, the (staff group-crew -employees)
were saved by a passing ship.
74- My sister and her husband live on the(top-outskirts
-side-outside )of the town.
75- Most houses in countries where it rains a lot have
( straight-sloping-flat-long)roofs.
76-My friend’s father is the (politician-diplomat-man-editor)
of our local newspaper.
77- This CD was a (cheap-bargain-credit -value for money
It cost less than two pounds.
78- Our cat has (missed -come -gone missing -abandoned
We haven’t seen him for a week.
79-We ( suggest-announce - refuse –regret ) to inform
passengers travelling to Cairo that their train will be 20 minutes late.
80- There is no airport on the island, so boats (sail-supply-give-carry)food and other goods.
81- My (ambition- hero -idea -announcement )is to be a journalist for an international news magazine.
82- I’m not very good ( in -at- with- on)remembering people’s names.
83-A shop in our city was completely (hurt-injured-destroyed - flooded) by fire last night.
84-I can really (recommend-build-admire-wish)this book. I couldn’t put it down.
85-I hope I (pass-succeed-win- do well ) the maths test at school tomorrow.
86- Last year, we visited the (place-view -area-site) of an ancient settlement in the desert.
87-If you pour hot water onto ice, it(runs-melts-floods- freezes
88-You can’t enjoy your holiday if you don’t have good
(hotel -room-accommodation- stay)
89-My favourite holiday destination is a small fishing village on the (sea - edge - ocean- coast )
90- When I was a child, I remember reading a/an
( dangerous- warning -advising –cautionary) tale about a lazy student.
91-Modern buildings are equipped with air(balloons - bags - conditioners - crafts )
92-When I finished reading the story ,I wrote a
( commentary-commemorate –committing– commerce )
93-Books (published– furnished- read– punished)
nowadays are expensive to buy.
94-The Titanic(floated- sank- sink- flew ) on its first voyage after it hit an iceberg.
95-People avoid carrying a lot of money by using (wallets-debit cards - ID cards- flash cards )
96-You can make-have-do-give)shopping using the internet.
97-The adjective of "intelligence " is (intelligent-elegant-equal-free)
98 –In the past people used to(eat-export- produce-present)
most of their things themselves.
99 – People used to travel on camels in groups known as
( caravans– styles – camps – teams
100-Egypt always sends (donors- delegations -generations -volunteers) to nearly all conferences abroad.
101-If you have a (broadband-fax-telex-radio ) connection, you can contact to the internet very quickly.
102-The government spares no effort to (forget-fire -attract exclude) foreign investors.
103-There has been a real (grow-to grow-growing –growth)
in number of people living in Sinai.
104-He would like to work for a(charity-scientific -charitable cheering )organization to help the poor.
105- Mud bricks do not (conduct-guide-control-govern) heat well.
106- Hunters (put -set-make-do) a fire to frighten fierce animals at night.
107- Egypt is the most important (leader-leading -led
Leadership) country in the Arab world.
108 –(Corporation-Cooperation -Coeducation-Coexistence)
is a large business organization.
109 (Herbage- Herbivore - Herbicides- Pesticides) is a chemical substance used to kill insects that damage crops.
110-(Desert- Fertile- Organic-Deserted )land produces
plenty of good crops.
111- Organic farms don't produce the same (quantities - qualifications- qualities – quantum) as modem farms.
112- Rainforests (result-put -give -take)in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.
113- When a volcano (emits-rebels -revolts –erupts)
, it gives out hot lava.
114-The sea level will rise if the Arctic glaciers ( melt vaporize - condense- freeze )
115- Fayoum Oasis is a very fertile (archaeological- agricultural- commercial- industrial )area.
116-A lot of villagers(occupied-donated-vented-abandoned
their village due to deluges 10 years ago.
117-Time ( manageress- managed- management-manager
is of great importance for all people.
118- I bought a new car. It was ready good ( investment- average- value – avenue ) for money.
119- To encourage tourism, new hotels and roads have to be (erected - renewed- demolished - destroyed )
120 Package tour is a holiday that is arranged
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Grammar
1-.. ............. he was sick, he attended the conference.
a-Because b- Although c- Despite d- During
2-While Amal was writing an essay, Ahmed .............. TV.
a-watches b- was watching c- watched d- will watch
3- ............you want to keep fit, you have to practise sports.
a-In case of b- But for c- Unless d- If
4- .............. got his degree, he worked as an engineer.
a- After b- Having c- Before d- No sooner
5-He'll welcome us as soon as we ........ .
a-arrived b-'ll arrive c-arriving d-have arrived
6- The wind is getting stronger. There ....... be a heavy rain.
a-is going to b-will c-shall d-would
7- Alex..... is the second capital city, has many comfortable resorts.
a-where b-which c-when d-whose
8- Computers ....... in Japan, are of high quality.
a- are making b- are made c- which make d- made
9- This book does not belong to me. I'm sure it is ......... .
a- your b- you c- yours d- mine
10- It ............ that Egypt is a great country.
a- knows b- is known c- knew d- well known
11- The new furniture .............. now.
a- is polished b- was polished
c- is being polished d- have been polished
12- The American astronauts ........ in landing on the surface of the moon.
a- succeeded b- managed c- were able d- got through
13- Information about swine flu ............. on the internet
a- finds b- can be found c- found d- can find
14- … having big meals makes me fatter , I can not stop it.
a- Despite b- Although c- Because d- As
15- While I( am walking - was walking - had walked - walk ) home, I saw some of my friends.
16- My uncle does not enjoy ( drive - to drive - driven – driving )in big cities.
17 -You have to study for a long time( while - but - although - if ) you want to train to be a doctor.
18- Have you ever ( meet - met - meeting - meets) a famous person?
19-I want to become ( an -a -the- any) doctor when I finish university.
20- Next Saturday, I’m going ( for visit - visit - to visit - visiting ) my aunt.
21- The north of Egypt is on( a- an- the- its ) Mediterranean Sea.
22-There’s a history programme on TV tonight. I think you
( are enjoying - enjoy - will enjoy -are going to enjoy )it.
23- Azza is the( intelligent- more intelligent- less intelligent- most intelligent) student in our class.
24- Ahmed is at the station(who- which – when – where) he’s meeting his grandfather.
25- The first person (which - that - he – what) spoke English to me was my uncle.
26- Lisa, (who- who’s- whose –that) in my class at school, is very good at English
27-When he was five years old, my brother ( use - uses - used - used to)watch all the children’s TV programmes.
28- Ahmed had a very busy morning. By the time he stopped for lunch,he(had made - made – has made- had been making) 17 phone calls.
29- That’s the person( whose - who’s - which - who ) mobile phone I borrowed when I lost mine.
30- How long(had you wait-had you been waiting-have you been waiting-have you waited ) before your train arrived?
31- Children sometimes hurt (them - themselves - himself – ourselves) when they are playing.
32- If the train (didn’t break- doesn’t break - hadn’t broken - won’t break) down, I wouldn’t have been late.
33- The stones they used to build Stonehene (were - was –
is –are) brought from Wales.
34-If you had put the water in the freezer, it(turned-turns-would turn-would have turned) to ice.
35-I’d(rather- prefer - want- like )be a doctor than a dentist.
36-As soon as I got to the station, I realised that I….my train.
a had missed b missed c have missed d miss
37- ……..author of Lord of the Flies is William Golding.
a An b A c The d No article
38- I expect it…….……... sunny and warm tomorrow.
a will be b is being c is d is going to be
38- Those are the people………... car has been stolen.
a who b whose c which d who’s
40- Ali has had to go to hospital because he hurt…….... while playing football.
a herself b him c his d himself
41- My clothes were dirty because I……... the car all morning.
a had been repairing b had repaired
c repaired d am repairing
42- It…….……..that people have lived here for centuries.
a know b known c is known d has known
43- Before the invention of cars, people … to walk more.
a used b use c are used d have used
44- There are always children near the school, so you….. drive very carefully.
a can b must c mustn’t d need
45- Survivors of this morning’s accident……… to the city’s main hospital.
a have been taken b have taken
c took d have been taking
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Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write them correctly:
1-My father was a sailor in the army. ( soldier )
2-The radio was discovered by Marconi. ( invented )
3-In the past traders used to travel in planes. (caravans )
4–An old man caught a fish .a fish told him something.
( the )
5–Salt can float in water. ( dissolve )
6-This car factory does parts for cars and buses. (makes )
7-When you pay with money, you pay in credit. (cash )
8-Something that contains new and interesting ideas is traditional. ( imaginative )
9-People describe today’s world as a local economy.
( Global )
10-You don’t have to take things that don’t belong to you . ( mustn't )
11-We will keep out of oil in twenty years. ( run )
12-Two farmers ran out of the ambulance and carried my sick friend into the hospital.( paramedics )
13-When a volcano disappears, it sends dust into the atmosphere. ( erupts )
14-That pepper is genetically modified, doesn’t it? ( isn't )
15-Isolated buildings keep out heat and cold. ( insulated )
16-Don’t worry for your exam. I’m ure you will pass. about
17-Holidays in Egypt are popular for all kinds of tourists. (With )
18-We must find an answer for the problem of climate change. ( to )
19-We're going to ring him up when he arrived.(arrives )
20-After finished his university education, he got a good job. ( finishing )
21-Professor Magdi Yacoub provided to be sociable by nature. ( charitable )
22-She always tells lies. She is reliable. ( never )
23-A passed car carried the injured old man to hospital.
( passing )
24-Shelter protects people of the heat of the sun.(from )
25-Ahmed Hassan is the leading of our football national team. (leader )
26- Ramy does his best to win Samy at swimming. ( beat)
27-A good leader discourages the boys to cooperate.
( encourage)
28-Wolves usually hunt by packs. ( in )
31-A queen is someone who husband is the king of a country. ( whose )
32-He often goes to Suez which he can visit his relative.
( where )
33-Mr Kamal visits our school every day except from Saturdays. (apart )
34-Water is used for fertilizing the fields. ( watering )
35- Biology is the scientific study of people, their customs, beliefs, etc. ( anthropology )
36-His car is rusty. It needs to be polish. ( polished )
37-Meat is rich with protein. ( in)
38-Wood may withdraw an earthquake better. ( withstand )
39-Mobile phones are very harmful, especially in emergency situations. ( useful )
40-The Ministry of Education does its best to inform education. ( reform )
41-A museum is a building in which monks live.(monetary)
42-0ur luggage were searched thoroughly last night. ( was )
43-A gene is a part of molecule of a living thing. ( cell )
44-She'd rather studies hard to join the faculty of medicine. ( study )
45-Birds and dinosaurs are genetic related. ( genetically )
46-I'm doing a project on people's driving habitats. (habits )
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Paragraphs
1- The positive contributions older people can make to society الإسهامات الايجابية التى يقدمها كبار السن لمجتمعهم
Everyone should have a role to play يجب ان يكون له دور يلعبه to help their society مجتمع . Men, women, youthالشباب and sometimes children do their best يبذلون جهدهم for the sake of لصالح their countries . What about the older people ? What can they do to share in the social اجتماعى and charitable work العمل الخيرى . It is said that life starts at the age of sixty, so many older people agree to this view point وجهة نظر . They are looking for different ways to help their society . They can share in the campaignsيشاركوا فى الحملات that aim to تهدف الى spread culture نشر الثقافة among youth بين الشباب .. They also can help the illiterate people الاميين to read and write . The older people can of course benefit يفيد t he new generations الاجيال الجديدة of their past experience خبراتهم السابقة . They can share in the charitable organizations المنظمات الخيرية to help sick and poor people .
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التسوق عبر الانترنت2- Internet shopping
online shopping has become so popular شائع today. It has some advantages مزايا and disadvantages عيوب for companies and consumers مستهلكين . As for companies; they have a bigger market: they can sell anywhere in the world. They don't need to spend money on shops and places to sell their products منتجاتهم : they only need to have a website. This way they can sell the products more cheaply. As for consumers, things are cheaper for them to buy and they have more choice اختيارات عديدة because they can shop in many different places, looking for the cheapest prices ارخص الأسعار . They can buy everything online and from home. They don't have to go to the shops, so it is quick and convenient مناسبة . However, this kind of shopping can be risky مخاطرة for customers for many reasons: firstly, there aren't any real products منتج حقيقي to pick up .Secondly, to buy online, you should have a credit card and this may be risky because of the credit fraud. Thirdly older people and people who don't have experience using a computer might find it difficult. Fourthly sometimes the wrong products are sent or they arrive damaged or don't arrive at all لاتصل على الاطلاق.
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3- The Road to success is not straight
The road to success is not straight. You will have obstacles on the way. But, if you have determination, you will go to a place called success. Nothing succeeds like success. This is a true saying because we all work for success whose joy can be felt by successful people and their families and close friends. To succeed in life, you must do your best in achieving you goal. Once you have reached your goal, you must work harder to keep it. But does success have enemies? Yes, the enemies of success are those who know to how succeed but do not have the enthusiasm and hard work to achieve it. Such people must be avoided.
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4-The internet
The fastest-growing areas of computer use are online shopping and internet banking. To attract customers, many online shops and companies now have interesting, user-friendly websites which make buying things easier than traditional ways of shopping. With just a few clicks of the mouse, you can order almost anything you can find in ordinary shops. As well as being easier for people with busy lives, internet shopping also helps people to look for things they cannot find in their own area and to find them at the cheapest prices. You can get some really good bargains on the internet. People are changing to internet banking. Now, many people are doing all their banking
activities online.
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5-Modern house
Today, technology affects how buildings are designed. Modern houses can be very high-tech. Some buildings can be controlled from a mobile phone. So if the owners are out, they can lock or unlock their doors, turn their lights on and off and even cook their meals without being there themselves. Modern skyscrapers sometimes have fantastic views from all the windows. Modern houses have air-conditioning, so it's cool inside. Modern houses have a balcony, where you can sit out to read or have a cup of tea. On the other hand, some prefer the traditional houses. These houses don't have air-conditioning but the walls are thick, so it's cool inside.
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6-"Mobile phone"
In fact the mobile phone is one of the most important inventions .However, it has some advantages and some disadvantages .First of all ,we can start with its advantages. It enables people to contact each other easily at any time in any place .It is small enough to carry. It is useful for some people who work in remote areas such as engineers and businessmen. It is important for us in case of danger or troubles. On the other hand, it has some disadvantages. Some doctors think that it causes some serious diseases. It also makes people lazy because it prevents them from visiting each other .To sum up , we can say it is advisable for people to use it only when necessary to avoid its serious side effects
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7-The African Cup of Nations 2010
Egypt won the African Cup of Nations for the third time in a row على التوالى . No other team has won the tournament three successive times before or a record seventh in total.Thousand of Egyptian fans received the Egyptian national team as they arrived from Angola bringing back the African Cup. Fans danced and celebrated on the streets, waving flags and chanting for the players. Millions of Egyptians inside and outside Egypt celebrated Egypt's victory. Fans flooded the streets waving flags and shooting fireworks celebrating the victory. Our team made history, retaining the African Cup of Nations title for the third consecutive time, and seventh overall.
Winning the African Cup of Nations for the seventh time pleased all the Egyptians and strengthened the sense of loyalty and belonging among all Egyptian classes, either rich or poor.
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8- The uses of genetic engineering and genetically modified Foods.
Genetically modified foods are foods that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering. Genetic engineering involves inserting genes from one species into the DNA of another species. These new genes will result in different traits being expressed in that food. Some examples of genetically modified foods include wheat, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, rice, barley and many others. What are the advantages of Genetically Modified Foods? Using genetically modified foods (GM foods) instead of traditional foods provides a large range of advantages. GM foods can be modified to become pesticide and herbicide resistant which eliminate the need for chemical sprays. GM foods can also be modified to become tolerant in poor growing conditions and can also produce larger product yields GM foods can also have longer shelf lives, taste better and contain more vitamins than traditional food. There have also been developments of foods that can be eaten by those who are allergic or intolerant.
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9- Protecting our environment
We are part of the environment which we live in . If something wrong happened to it, that would necessarily affect us .Man has polluted the environment with the smoke of cars and factories. Cutting trees is one of the main causes of pollution as they take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. A lot of diseases such as heart diseases and cancer result from pollution .
To solve this problem, the government should encourage planting trees everywhere. Strict laws should be put to prevent companies from polluting water and smoke. We shouldn’t throw rubbish in street. we should also move to new cities to reduce the sound pollution and crowd ness.
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10-Sports
The practice of sports and games is a must .sports have great benefit to us .Sports help us to have healthy and well built bodies. Moreover, sports develop our characters as they teach us endurance, courage an co- operation. Sports also are a source of fun and amusement. Sports also refresh our minds as well as our bodies. Thus, practicing sports is very important for us .To become efficient in sports, we must practice them constantly sports and games are encouraged everywhere in Egypt. schools pay more attention to sport .for children and youth.
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10-Global Warming
Most people now accept the fact that the world’s climate is changing. But why is this happening and what can we do about it? Scientists believe that there are a number of natural reasons for climate change. One could be changes in how much heat we get from the sun. Another could be volcanoes. When a volcano erupts, it sends dust into the atmosphere. This stops some of the sun’s light and can make our climate cooler. We have also been adding gases like carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The greenhouse gases stop heat escaping, which increases the earth’s temperature. This is called the greenhouse effect. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing mainly because we burn fuels such as oil and gas. The fact that we continue to destroy the rainforests (which take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen) makes matters worse. If the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase, scientists believe that by 2050, the temperature of the earth’s surface could go up by 2°C.
How will global warming affect the world? It is now known that the ice at the Arctic and the Antarctic is melting. If this continues, sea levels will rise and some parts of the world will be flooded, making many people homeless. So Countries must stop destroying the rainforests and produce less carbon dioxide.
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Translation
1-The financial crisis has had a serious effect on the global economy.
لقد كان للأزمة المالية تأثير خطير علي الاقتصاد العالمي.
2-Egypt is trying to improve its economy by carrying out a lot of gigantic projects.
تحاول مصر تحسين اقتصادها عن طريق تنفيذ الكثير من المشروعات الضخمة.
3-Unless we take effective measures to protect the environment, our planet will be in great danger.
ما لم نتخذ الاجراءات الفعالة لحماية البيئة ، فإن كوكبنا سوف يكون في خطر عظيم (سيتعرض لخطر داهم).
4-Scientists believe that many plant and animal species will become extinct as a result global warming and environmental pollution.
يعتقد العلماء أن الكثير من أنواع النبات و الحيوان سوف تصبح منقرضة نتيجة للأحتباس الحراري و التلوث البيئي.
5-By 2020, millions of people in Africa will suffer from water scarcity due to climate change.
بحلول عام 2020 سوف يعاني ملايين البشر في أفريقيا من ندرة المياه بسبب التغير المناخي.
6
6-We should persuade people to donate blood because this helps to save the lives of many people.
لا بد أن نقنع الناس بالتبرع بالدم لأن هذا يساعد في انقاذ حياة الكثيرين من البشر.
7
-Thanks to information technology and modern means of communication, the world has become a small village.
بفضل تكنولوجيا المعلومات ووسائل الاتصال الحديثة ، أصبح العالم قرية صغيرة.
8
-Modern technology plays a vital role in education, so schools have been supplied with computers and modern laboratories.
تلعب التكنولوجيا الحديثة دورا حيويا في التعليم ، لذلك زودت المدارس بأجهزة الكمبيوتر و المعامل الحديثة.
9
-Mohamed Abu Trika is a good example for young people because of his modesty and good manners
-يعتبر محمد ابو تريكة مثل طيب للشباب بسبب تواضعه و أخلاقه الحميدة
10
-Egypt proved to the whole world its ability to organize(host) international competitions efficiently
أثبتت مصر للعالم كله قدرتها على تنظيم مسابقات عالمية بكفاءة
11
- Global warming means a gradual increase in the earth's temperatures caused by polluting gases such as carbon dioxide which are collecting in the air around the earth and preventing heat from escaping into space.
ان الاحتباس الحراري يعني زيادة تدريجية في درجات حرارة الأرض ناجمة عن الغازات الملوثة مثل ثاني أكسيد الكربون و التي تتجمع في الهواء حول الأرض و تمنع الحرارة من الانطلاق الي الفضاء.
12
- It is usually difficult to tell the difference between seasonal flu and swine flu without getting medical help. Symptoms are similar to seasonal viruses and include fever, cough, headache, body aches, sore throat and runny nose
ان من الصعب عادة أن نفرق بين الانفلونزا الموسمية و انفلونزا الخنازير بدون الحصول علي مساعدة طبية – فالأعراض تكون مشابهة لأعراض الفيروسات الموسمية وتشمل الحمي و الكحة (السعال) و الصداع وآلام الجسم و التهاب الحلق و رشح الأنف
13
-All the Egyptian people, Muslims and Christians have proved over the years that they enjoy a deep rooted national unity that has never been and will never be affected by the enemies interference
لقد اثبت كل الشعب المصرى مسلمون ومسيحيون على مر السنين انه شعبا يتمتع بوحدة و طنية راسخة لم ولن تتاثر بتدخل الاعداء.
14
-Egypt won The Cup of African Nations for the third time in a row and the seventh in her history.
فازت مصر بكأس الأمم الإفريقية للمرة الثالثة على التوالى والسابعة فى تاريخها.
15
-Convoys of relief moved to the places struck by the torrents (heavy rains) I Upper Egypt and the Red Sea coast.
تحركت قوافل الإغاثة إلى الأماكن المتضررة بالسيول فى صعيد مصر وساحل البحر الأحمر.
16
-Illegal organ transplant is a crime punished by the law.
- نقل الأعضاء بطريقة غير شرعية جريمة يعاقب عليها القانون.
17
-Egyptian woman has become equal to man after being appointed a judge.
أصبحت المرأة المصرية متساوية مع الرجل بعد أن عينت قاضية.
18
-Developing education has become one of the most important goals that the government tries hard to achieve.
- لقد أصبح تطوير التعليم واحدا من أهم الأهداف التى تسعى الحكومة جاهدة لتحقيقها.
19
-The African continent hosts the football world cup championship for the first time its history .
تستضيف القارة الافريقية بطولة كأس العالم لكرة القدم لاول مرة فى تاريخها 20-Because of the volcano eruption in Iceland a lot of flights in Europe were delayed .
بسبب ثورة البركان فى ايسلندا تم تأجيل العديد من الرحلات الجوية
2023-06-19, 19:57 من طرف 
